Trish Rennie" Remember hiring the pillows to make the journeys comfy and hot drinks in the Railway "China"... Safe,affordable and comfortable travel.. ... West Coast New Zealand History (17th Sep 2019). By the 1920s NZR was noticing a considerable downturn in rail passenger traffic on many lines due to increasing ownership of private cars, and from 1923 it began to co-ordinate rail passenger services with private bus services. 2 The 20 mile line between Blenheim and Picton was opened on November 18, 1875. The onset of the Great Depression from late 1929 saw these projects scaled back or abandoned. Trains also delivered schoolchildren to the classroom, suburban workers to factories and offices, and thousands of day-trippers to beaches, parks, shows and racecourses. Other New Zealand train trips. The book also serves as a company history, drawing on interviews with past staff members and providing pen portraits of the most prominent artists and administrators. Most of New Zealand’s early European settlements were on the coast. The Weka Pass Railway is a historic rural railway using both vintage steam and diesel-electric locomotives on 12.8 km of scenic line through the unique limestone beauty of the Weka Pass out of Waipara. 1984 – Electrification of North Island main trunk starts. In reaction to this, the government attempted to control inflation by fixing prices; in 1972 it was decided that NZR could only charge for its services at no more than 1971 rates, despite rising fuel and labour costs. The newest addition to MOTAT’s model rail network celebrates 100 years of rail in West Auckland. Following a change of Government in 1975, the Robert Muldoon led National Government decided to increase the transport licensing limited from 40 miles (64 km) to 150 km. 10 years later in 1936 the Leyland diesel railbus was introduced, but the first truly successful railcar class to enter service began operating that year, the Wairarapa railcar specially designed to operate over the Rimutaka Incline. NZ Rail Maps - Main Site. The Railways Board was abolished by the First Labour Government in 1936.[3]. The branch is the last major branch line to open in New Zealand to date. In 1906 the Dunedin railway station was completed, architect George Troup. This definitive history of railways advertising is a time capsule of New Zealand life and examines the art of Railways Studios, detailing its formative place in New Zealand design and art history. Buy The railways of New Zealand : a journey through history by Geoffrey B. Churchman, Tony Hurst online at Alibris. The early railways in New Zealand—as in most young countries—were designed to rapidly open up the country at a minimum cost. It set a minimum distance road transport operators could transport goods at 30 miles (48 km) before they had to be licensed. Originally, New Zealand's railways were constructed by provincial governments and private firms. [17] The second section to be electrified by the department was the Lyttelton Line in Christchurch, completed in 1929, at the same voltage and current. Shortages of spare parts and materials led to severe inflation, and repairs on locomotives being deferred. Film credit New Zealand archives For those who love building model railways . Photo about Kingston Flyer heritage railway , near Queenstown, New Zealand. The outbreak of World War I in 1914 had a significant impact on the Railways Department. After the abolition of provincial governments in 1876, the Central Government took over the building of railways in New Zealand… [14][15], In 1920 the 3,000-mile (4,800 km) milestone of open railway lines was reached and 15 million passengers were carried by the department. The length of the network peaked at more than 5,500 kilometres in 1953. 18 Ruth Page called her own women’s protest meeting, on hearing that work would start on pulling up the railway lines at Kiwi on September 20th. That year the AA class appeared, and the following year the first AB class locomotives were introduced. [20] Coates went on to become Prime Minister in 1925, an office he held until 1928 when he was defeated at the general election of that year. 1971 saw the introduction of scheduled ISO shipping container services to New Zealand. However, due to New Zealand's rugged terrain overseas technology could not simply be directly introduced. The war itself led to a decline in passenger, freight and train miles run but also led to an increase in profitability. At first, they were deployed to the North Island Main Trunk but gradually began working the express freight trains for which they were ordered throughout the North Island. It was built to a broad gauge of 5 feet 3 inches (1600 mm), to suit rolling stock imported from Victoria, Australia. The first railway in New Zealand was constructed by the Canterbury Provincial Government in 1863. New Zealand Government Railways operated a number of small four-coupled steam tank locomotives known as class D. Several went on to second careers with private owners. Amid many protests, the isolated Nelson Section was closed, although future Nelson Railway Proposals resurfaced from 1957. Three new locomotive classes appeared in 1939: the KA class, KB class and the J class. "[35], On 12 February 1979, NZR introduced a computerised "Traffic Monitoring System", known as TMS. The station was closed in 1990, with a new station being built at Addington. New Zealand has a long and colourful railway history, dating from the first public line linking Ferrymead and the new town of Christchurch in 1863. 2008 – present day - Government funds projects totalling more than $900 million to modernise Wellington’s commuter rail system and allow for longer, faster trains and more services to meet growing commuter demand. Since then, successive Governments have recognised its critical role in New Zealand transport and the value it delivers to communities, regional economies, exporters and businesses. First to arrive were ancestors of Māori. 2003 - Stock plunges towards 30c/share, Tranz Rail taken over on market by Toll. Passenger numbers soar in response to the improved services. Freight traffic was again changing. History Edit 1981-1990: National rail landowner, network provider and train operator Edit. Opening of the Midland Railway, Stillwater junction. [39] While Hayward was not against road transport deregulation, he was in favour of greater investment in NZR to meet freight requirements and shutting down uneconomic services. 2016 – Kaikoura earthquake - Main North Line devastated, 2017 – Main North line reopened to restricted freight services just 10 months after the earthquake. The line was primarily built to service the Tasman Pulp and Paper Mill in Kawerau, with several loading points along its length. Increasing competition and great depression, Private firms that built steam locomotives for NZR, Companies that supplied NZR with diesel locomotives, Suppliers of bus and coach chassis to NZR, New Zealand's railway infrastructure and operating the railway system, one of the worst in New Zealand's history, Hughes's Locomotive & Tramway Engine Works, New Zealand DM class electric multiple unit, "New Zealand Railways Corporation Act 1981, s1(2)", "Railway administration has reflected public expectation of rail's social and economic role", "North Island Rail Services To Be Cut NORTHERN ADVOCATE", "RAILWAY POLICY. NZR's first diesel-electric locomotives, the English Electric built DE class, were introduced in 1951. 2009 Stratford – Okahukura (Taumaranui) line in Taranaki mothballed following derailment. Ironically, the first few years of NZR were marked by the Long Depression, which led to great financial constraint on the department. 2008 - The Government buys back Toll's rail and ferry business for $665m, after several months of negotiations. The Act regulated the carriage of goods and entrenched the monopoly the department had on land transport. Completed in 1988 at a cost of $250 million. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Statistics New Zealand - Long term data series - Transport. First train carried MPs on a junket to Auckland, in August (pictured on left). The Canterbury Provincial Railways were built to the broad gauge of 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm). The last timetabled train arrived in Nelson on Friday September 2, 1955 and there was a last-ditch public meeting on the Church Steps. [21] In 1930 a Royal Commission on Railways recommended that land transport should be "co-ordinated" and the following year Parliament passed the Transport Licensing Act 1931. By the 1920s New Zealand Railways (NZR) was carrying more than six million tons of freight and 28 million passengers a year - a remarkable achievement for a nation of just over a million people. [24] The failure of this class lead to the introduction of the K class in 1932. [38] NZR introduced its first purpose-built container wagons, the UK class, for the growing traffic that was quickly changing freight patterns. 1993 - Government announces sale of NZR to a consortium of Wisconsin Central Transportation Corp and Berkshire Partners (60 per cent stake) and Fay Richwhite (40 per cent) for $328.3m. Inland travel was difficult because of the mountains, forests and swamps, so most people used sea and river transport, or walked. [21] An exception was the Stratford–Okahukura Line, finished in 1933. By 1880, New Zealand Railways (NZR) was operating more than 1,900km of track, and carrying almost three million passengers and 830,000 tons of freight a year. [41] TMS resulted in an 8 per cent improvement in wagon utilisation. In 1978 a major rebuilding programme of the ageing DA class was launched, creating the DC class. All maps are licensed for re-use under Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike NZ 3.0. Download and print the New Zealand Touring Map to see information on each of the regions in New Zealand and 16 themed highways. [22], However, there was criticism that maintenance was being neglected. This will leave the slow creaking third world narrow gauge network to bulk freight where it can be more efficient. 1873 - First train in North Island, Auckland-Onehunga. Expand/collapse. From its early beginnings in the mid-19th century, to the present day, rail has connected people and places and helped grow our economy by delivering goods around the country and to and from our ports, connecting exporters with the world. [31] The EW class electric locomotives introduced for the Wellington electric system. Discover New Zealand travel destinations and attractions by rail, bus and ferry. The service never lived up to its promise and was withdrawn in 1979 due to poor patronage. The first edition of this lavishly illustrated history of the entire New Zealand Railways network was published in 1990 and was quickly snapped up to the extent it featured for 3 months in the national top 10 bestseller list. While the Westfield and Tawa Flat deviations proceeded, the Milson deviation and Rimutaka Tunnel projects remained stalled. New Zealand Railways No. [11] By that time, 3,200 km (2,000 mi) of railway lines were open for traffic. The Railways Department followed a traditional branch structure, which was carried over to the corporation. Peter Alsop is a senior executive who has worked across the public and private sectors. This led to many benefits for NZR customers. This "first sod turning" got me thinking about more early New Zealand history. It was built in the early 1900s and parts of it kind of look like a castle. The first half of the twentieth century was a ‘golden age' for rail. Ja.1260 4-8-2 : Ashburton, New Zealand: Location: Plains Railway Society: Status: Display: Album: Video: Notes: The war created major labour shortages across the economy generally, and while considered "essential industry", railways were no exception. This class followed the building of the Red Terror (an inspection car on a Leyland Cub chassis) for the General Manager in 1933. The DX continued to dominate North Island traffic until electrification of the main trunk in the 1980s. 1962 – Roll on roll off rail and vehicle ferry, GMV Aramoana begins service between Picton and Wellington  - the start of the Railways Department’s involvement in interisland ferry services. For more than 155 years, rail has played a critical role in New Zealand’s transport system. In 1877 the first American locomotives were purchased; the NZR K class (1877) from Rogers, followed by the NZR T class of 1879 from Baldwin. The first through train from Wellington to Auckland. CHOOSE YEAR. 1936 - First successful railcars, Wairarapa route. 2004 - Government assumes ownership of national rail network and forms ONTRACK to run it. A second ship, Aranui enters service shortly afterwards, 1971 - Last regular steam train in New Zealand. The section was electrified at 1,500 V DC, due to the steep grade in the tunnel, and included its own hydro-electric power station. The Act had the effect of authorising the Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company to build the Wellington-Manawatu Line.[7]. 1930 - Rotorua Limited introduced for tourists from Auckland, with observation car. Here is our sixth project development report for 2020. This change took effect from 1977,[39] and greatly increased competition for NZR on key routes between larger centres within 150 km of each other—routes such as Auckland–Hamilton, Hamilton–Tauranga, Wellington–Palmerston North and Christchurch–Ashburton.[39]. Dunedin Railway Station. 1923 - West Coast line opens - its Otira tunnel, at 8.55km the longest in the British Empire and containing the nation's first electric railway. Various diesel locomotives have been rebuilt at NZR workshops, for example, five of the DA as DC, though most rebuilding has been contracted out. 2 The 20 mile line between Blenheim and Picton was opened on November 18, 1875. Membership is open to all with an interest in the New Zealand Railway system both old and new. 518 likes. In the 1917 Annual Report, a record 5.3% return on investment was made. Railways were built and towns sprang up or expanded. [36] The US-built General Electric U26C DX class locomotives were introduced in 1972, with a further batch arriving in 1975. In 1954, the New Zealand railway network reached its zenith in terms of distance with 5,600 km (3,500 mi), 60% of it on gradients between 1 in 100 and 1 in 200 and 33% steeper than 1 in 100. [39], In 1981, parliament passed the New Zealand Railways Corporation Act, and the department was corporatised as the New Zealand Railways Corporation on 1 April 1982.[2]. Rail was once meant to be the backbone of the New Zealand economy. The war created serious coal shortages as imported coal was no longer available. The Wellington railway station and Tawa flat deviation were both completed in 1937. They were the second class of electric locomotive to be used on this section of electrification. Future of Rail . Look inside Railways Studios. [16] An acute housing shortage following the war led to the creation of Railways Department's Housing Scheme in 1922. [8], The economy gradually improved and in 1895 the Liberal Government of Premier Richard Seddon appointed Alfred Cadman as the first Minister of Railways. We have new and used copies available, in 0 edition - starting at $68.70. To send goods between the islands, freight had to be unloaded from wagons onto a ship on one island, unloaded at the other and then loaded back into wagons to resume its journey by rail. A chronological history of New Zealand rail. As a result, the "scramble for pie and tea at Taihape" became a part of New Zealand folklore. Following the success of the Wairarapa railcar class, in 1938 the Standard class railcars were introduced. Despite large orders for diesel-electric locomotives, NZR was still building steam locomotives until 1956, when JA1274 was completed at Hillside Workshops, Dunedin. 8vo. [13] The war soon affected the supply of coal to the railways. Hillside built 9 NZR TR class diesel shunters. The area at Ferrymead that this railway occupied is now largely a Heritage Museum already with an operational railway which is rebuilt on much of the old original track foundation. The review aimed to identify the role rail can play in New Zealand’s transport system and put in place a sustainable approach to funding rail over the longer term. The line stopped about 1.5 miles (2 km) short of Blenheim until it was extended in 1880/1. This rejuvenation of KiwiRail will see lines reopen in 2019 such as the Napier to Wairoa line for logging trains; new commuter services established such as the Hamilton to Auckland train and the purchase of two new large rail-enabled ferries for Cook Strait, the State Highway 1 and Main Trunk Line between the islands. Or, with a multi-day Scenic Rail Pass, you can hop on and off to explore attractions along the way. KiwiRail’s purpose: Stronger Connections. As a result, non-essential services remained in effect until the end of 1919. While our rail network isn’t vast, thanks to their skill and determination, there are some incredible train journeys on offer. 1908 - North Island main trunk line completed after 23 years work - the crowning achievement of the "railway age". The KA was a further development of the K class, while the J class was primarily for lighter trackage in the South Island. New Zealand Railway History in Photos. In Website West Coast New Zealand History. In the same year, Gordon Coates became the Minister of Railways. The area at Ferrymead that this railway occupied is now largely a Heritage Museum already with an operational railway which is rebuilt on much of the old original track foundation. On 3 November of the same year the 8.798 kilometres (5.467 mi) long Rimutaka Tunnel opened, greatly reducing transit times between the Wairarapa and Wellington. [32] The line's success led to several Taupo Railway Proposals being put forward, with extensions of the branch being mooted at various times. Tough economic conditions and increasing competition from road transport led to calls for regulation of the land transport sector. 1982 – Railways Corporation created as statutory corporation from Railways Department. The largest provincial operation was the Canterbury Provincial Railways, which opened the first public railway at Ferrymead on 1 December 1863. 1996 - Wisconsin Central and Fay Richwhite float 31 million shares to the public at $6.19/share. The topography of New Zealand made the construction of railways a major engineering problem, not least the need for 150 tunnels in the hilly to mountainous terrain of so much of the country. Once again, growing traffic requirements led to the introduction of a new type of locomotive, the ill-fated G class Garratt locomotives in 1928. Today New Zealand is home to more than 5 million people. In 1946 the last class of steam locomotives built by NZR was introduced, the JA class. Locomotives were sent to Australia for rebuilding, with five being rebuilt at the NZR's own Hutt Workshops. New Zealand’s challenging landscapes demanded some remarkable feats of early railway engineers. Another Act of Parliament, the Government Railways Amendment Act 1931 was passed. The pass is also a convenient way to combine several of New Zealand’s great train trips into the rail journey of a lifetime. Although hostilities ended in 1918, the coal shortage carried on into 1919 as first miners strikes and then an influenza epidemic cut supplies. The following year NZR introduced the dual-cab DF class in 1954, the first main-line diesel-electric locomotives in service. [33], Closures of rural branch lines reduced the total network length to 3,254 miles (5,237 km) in 1966.[34]. A tunnel boring machine in action during the construction of the Kaimai Tunnel in 1978. 1990 – Rail is restructured into a limited liability company, New Zealand Rail (NZR). Reefton Railway Station, July 1991.. More classes followed over the years, primarily to operate regional services. During The Vogel Era of the late 1860s to the 1870s, railway construction by central government expanded greatly, from just 80 kilometres (50 miles) in 1869 to 1,900 kilometres (1,200 miles) in 1880. In Website West Coast New Zealand History. This led to the closure of the Rimutaka Incline and its unique Fell railway system. The New Zealand Railways Department, NZR or NZGR (New Zealand Government Railways) and often known as the "Railways", was a government department charged with owning and maintaining New Zealand's railway infrastructure and operating the railway system. The NZR&LS Archives hold a number of working drawings of D class locomotives, which have all been scanned. A number of new lines under construction were casualties, including the Rotorua-Taupo line, approved in July 1928 but abandoned almost a year later due to the depression. 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