The disunity continued under the Carolingians until, after a brief unity under Charlemagne, the Franks splintered into distinct spheres of cultural influence that coalesced around Eastern and Western centers of royal power. What does Clovis mean? That being said, few Clovis sites were big-game kill sites, reflecting that Clovis people hunted a range of animals including deer, rabbits, coyotes, and birds. Following his conversion, many of his pagan retainers had defected to Ragnachar's side, making him a political threat. His remains were relocated to Saint Denis Basilica in the mid- to late-18th century. With only fossils and carved spear points to turn to, the Clovis … It was his supposed ancestor, Merovich, for which his Merovingian dynasty is named. Clovis married the Roman Catholic Burgundian princess Clotilda and had five children with her. In the same year, the neighboring King of the Burgundians was slain by his brother, Gundobad; bringing civil strife to that kingdom. The three armies met near Dijon, where both the Franks and Godegisel's forces defeated the host of dumbfounded Gundobad, who was able to escape to Avignon. Ragnachar denied Clovis's entry, prompting Clovis to make a move against him. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. In 486 he began his efforts to expand the realm by allying himself with his relative, Ragnachar, regulus of Cambrai[13] and another Frankish regulus, Chalaric. His dynasty, the Merovingians, survived more than 200 years, until the rise of the Carolingians in the 8th century. The battle added most of Aquitaine to Clovis's kingdom[17] and resulted in the death of the Visigothic king Alaric II. He was the most important Western ally of the Byzantine emperor Anastasius I. Catholicism offered certain advantages to Clovis as he fought to distinguish his rule among many competing power centers in Western Europe. The Roman Law was written with the assistance of Gallo-Romans to reflect the Salic legal tradition and Christianity, while containing much from Roman tradition. Updates? Frankish campaign against the Thuringians (491), Franco-Visigothic Wars § Burgundian_civil_war_(500–501), Franco-Visigothic Wars § Second Franco-Visigothic war (507–508), Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Naming as Instrument of Strengthening of the Dynastic Power in the early middle Ages (France, England, Vth –XIth Centuries)", "Iron Age Braumeisters of the Teutonic Forests". Clovis’s life as a religious man illustrates the challenges then faced by the Catholic bishops and illuminates their concerns with evangelism. [4] The adoption by Clovis of Catholicism (as opposed to the Arianism of most other Germanic tribes) led to widespread conversion among the Frankish peoples; to religious unification across what is now modern-day France, Belgium and Germany; three centuries later, to Charlemagne's alliance with the Bishop of Rome; and in the middle of the 10th century under Otto I the Great, to the consequent birth of the early Holy Roman Empire. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains … By deciding to be interred at Paris, Clovis gave the city symbolic weight. Senior Program Officer in the Enterprise Office of the National Endowment for the Humanities in Washington D.C. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Article one: “The Beginnings of Old Town Clovis” Article two: “Clovis Leaders Had a … Following the murder, Clovis betrayed Chlodoric and had his envoys strike him down. 2. This was the First Council of Orléans. [7][8] The name is found in other West Germanic languages, with cognates including Old English Hloðwig, Old Saxon Hluduco, and Old High German Hludwīg (variant Hluotwīg). He bribed Ragnachar's retainers and soon, Ragnachar and his brother, Ricchar were captured and executed.[27]. The broadest areas for Clovis arrowheads are situated either in the near midsection or toward the base of the point. ", https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1865-0610-312, "Clovis I | Biography, Significance, & Facts", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&oldid=996297906, Converts to Christianity from pagan religions, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles needing additional references from September 2013, All articles needing additional references, Articles with German-language sources (de), Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The ground work for Clovis' successful reign was prepared by his father, Childeric I, king of the Salian Franks, whose realm was centered around Tournai. del Regno di Napoli. A Brief History of Clovis. This contrasted Nicene Christianity, whose followers believe that God the Father, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit are three persons of one being (consubstantiality). Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics. The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Paleoamerican culture, named for distinct stone tools found in close association with Pleistocene fauna at Blackwater Locality No. Childeric I, Clovis's father, was reputed to be a relative of Chlodio, and was known as the king of the Franks that fought as an army within northern Gaul. [47]:73, It has been suggested that the reason that the French state promoted the veneration of Clovis in the south was to establish a border cult that would cause Occitans to venerate the northern-led French state by venerating its founder. Clovis was baptized in a small church in the vicinity of the subsequent Abbey of Saint-Remi in Reims. [39] To the French people, he is the founder of France. [12], The ruler of Tournai died in 481 and was succeeded by his sixteen-year-old son, Clovis. Meaning of Clovis. The Clovis culture was named after flint spearheads found in the 1930s at a site in Clovis, New Mexico. If this sequence of events is correct, it reflects the intellectual and religious climate of late 5th- and early 6th-century Gaul. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. When Clovis died, his kingdom was partitioned among his four sons, Theuderic, Chlodomer, Childebert, and Clotaire. Clovis came from the branch of the Franks known as the Salians, who lived along the northern coast of France. His baptism is considered one of the formative dates in French history. [20], In 496 the Alamanni invaded, some Salians and Ripuarians reguli defected to their side. It appears around 11,500–11,000 uncalibrated RCYBP at the end of the last glacial period, and is characterized by the manufacture of "Clovis points" and distinctive bone and ivory tools. Clovis definition: → clovis point | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples [47]:73 Another reason could be that Clovis was a preferable foundation figure for the House of Valois as their predecessors were the Direct Capetians who looked back to Charlemagne whose veneration had been widely recognised. The Bishop of Reims requested Clovis return everything taken from the Church of Reims, and, as the young king aspired to establish cordial relationships with the clergy, he returned a valuable ewer taken from the church. The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Paleoamerican culture, named for distinct stone tools found in close association with Pleistocene fauna at Blackwater Locality No. Gregory elevated the Franks to equivalency with the ancient Hebrews, the chosen people, and Clovis to the stature of their great king David. Gregory portrays the Visigothic war as a campaign against Arian heresy. Born c. 466. His dynasty, the Merovingian s, survived more than 200 years, until the rise of the Carolingian s … Kaiser, Reinhold (2004) "Das römische Erbe und das Merowingerreich", in: This page was last edited on 25 December 2020, at 18:51. This partition created the new political units of the Kingdoms of Rheims, Orléans, Paris and Soissons, and inaugurated a tradition that would lead to disunity lasting until the end of the Merovingian dynasty in 751. On Christmas Day, 496 Clovis I, king of the Franks, converted to Catholicism at the instigation of his wife, Clotilde, a Burgundian princess who was a Catholic in spite of the Arianism that surrounded her at court. Clovis (Latin: Chlodovechus; reconstructed Frankish: *Hlodowig; c. 466 – 27 November 511) was the first king of the Franks to unite all of the Frankish tribes under one ruler, changing the form of leadership from a group of royal chieftains to rule by a single king and ensuring that the kingship was passed down to his heirs. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clovis-I, Ancient History Encyclopedia - Biography of Clovis I, Christian Classics Ethereal Library - Clovis, king of the Salian Franks, The Catholic Encyclopedia - Biography of Clovis, Clovis - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). c. 494: Clovis' and Clotilde's first child, Ingomer is born and dies. Howorth, H.H., "The Ethnology of Germany", Rickard, J (1 January 2013), Clovis I, King of the Franks, r. 481–511, "The Rise of the Carolingians or the Decline of the Merovingians? The most important source for the life of Clovis and the character of Merovingian Gaul is the History of the Franks by Gregory of Tours, written between 575 and 585 and available in several English translations. [14], In the same year, Clovis convinced Prince Chlodoric to murder his father, earning him his nickname. Died 511. His conversion to Catholicism was that of one man, not that of his kingdom, but it can be seen as pivotal in Frankish history. The earliest Clovis points found so far are from the Gault site in Texas, 13,400 cal BP: meaning Clovis-style hunting lasted a period of time no longer than 900 years. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Clovis personally illustrates the juxtaposition of these three belief systems. [30] Her persistence eventually persuaded Clovis to convert to Catholicism, which he initially resisted. Though he was not the first Frankish king, he was the kingdom’s political and religious founder. Shortly before his death, Clovis called a synod of Gallic bishops to meet in Orléans to reform the Church and create a strong link between the Crown and the Catholic episcopate. He rose from a relatively minor ruler in northern Gaul to become the most powerful leader in what is now the modern nation of France. [17] Daly, William M., "Clovis: How Barbaric, How Pagan?". These campaigns had added significantly to Clovis's domains, and established his dynasty as a major political and military presence in western Europe. Before accepting Catholicism, he was interested in the Christian heresy Arianism, sympathetic with it, and perhaps even leaning toward adopting it. Clovis culture The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Paleo-Indian culture, named after distinct stone tools that were found at sites near Clovis, New Mexico, in the 1920s and 1930s. Lack of papal approval; debated violent character; interference from the French state. Omissions? Clovis proceeded to follow to the Burgundian king and laid siege to the city, however, after some months he was convinced to abandon the siege and settled for an annual tributary from Gundobad. Clovis’s kingdom began in the region encompassing modern Belgium and northeastern France, expanded south and west, and became the most powerful in Gaul. Thirty years later Clovis was buried next to his contemporary St. Geneviève in the Church of the Holy Apostles that he built in Paris, and he was joined years later by his wife, St. Clotilda. Armonici assisted him in defeating the Visigothic kingdom of Toulouse in the Battle of Vouillé in 507, eliminating Visigothic power in Gaul. These two Christian belief systems represent a theological power struggle within the Christian community during the transformation period. Clovis also conquered the Alemanni tribes in eastern Gaul, and the Visigothic kingdom of Aquitania in the southwest. c. 507: Clovis liberates Aquitainia and murders various Frankish reguli. as well as nearby Cannon Air Force Base. The Arian heresy was the form of Christianity to which most Germanic peoples initially converted. Clovis and his wife were buried in the Abbey of St Genevieve (St. Pierre) in Paris; the original name of the church was the Church of the Holy Apostles. [41]:497–502 Despite Clovis' presence in Paris, his cultus was largely based in the south of France. Look it up now! Peg Bos is the president of the Clovis Museum on 4th and Pollasky avenues in Old Town Clovis. However, Gregory and other contemporary authors were not wholly wrong in describing Clovis, a warrior king, as a religious figure. modern Dutch Lodewijk and Lowik). [citation needed], In 507, following Vouillé, Clovis heard about Chararic's plan to escape from his monastic prison and had him murdered. Variant of Louis and Ludwig.King Clovis I was the first Christian king of the Franks, and later kings' use of the name Louis probably can be traced back to the dynasty he founded in the fifth century.. STARTS/ENDS WITH Cl-, -is In the interpretatio romana, Saint Gregory of Tours gave the Germanic gods that Clovis abandoned the names of roughly equivalent Roman gods, such as Jupiter and Mercury. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. [37], Under Clovis, the first codification of the Salian Frank law took place. Antifa: Definition and History: The anti-fascist protest movement known as antifa gained new prominence in the United States after the white supremacist Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, VA, in August 2017. [35] William Daly, more directly assessing Clovis's allegedly barbaric and pagan origins,[36] ignored the Gregory of Tours version and based his account on the scant earlier sources, a sixth-century "vita" of Saint Genevieve and letters to or concerning Clovis from bishops (now in the Epistolae Austrasicae) and Theodoric. He is considered to have been the founder of the Merovingian dynasty, which ruled the Frankish kingdom for the next two centuries. [31] Clovis eventually converted to Catholicism following the Battle of Tolbiac on Christmas Day 508[32][33] in a small church in the vicinity of the subsequent Abbey of Saint-Remi in Reims; a statue of his baptism by Saint Remigius can still be seen there. He rose from a relatively minor ruler in northern Gaul to become the most powerful leader in what is now the modern nation of France. Only Chlotar, who outlived his brothers, ruled a united kingdom, but he in turn divided it among his sons. 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